{"id":2226,"date":"2023-07-17T13:28:17","date_gmt":"2023-07-17T17:28:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/?p=2226"},"modified":"2023-07-19T15:39:14","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T19:39:14","slug":"mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\/","title":{"rendered":"Mussel Hatchery Returns to Fairmount Water Works"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"big\"><big>We\u2019re commissioning some unlikely creatures to help keep our waterways clean &#8211; mussels.<\/big><\/p>\n<p>After being closed for more than two years following flood damage from Hurricane Ida, the<a href=\"https:\/\/fairmountwaterworks.org\/visit\/freshwater-mussel-hatchery\/\"> Freshwater Mussel Hatchery<\/a> at the <a href=\"https:\/\/fairmountwaterworks.org\/\">Fairmount Water Works Interpretive Center<\/a> is having a busy spring and summer. This season will mark the third full year PWD is collaborating with the<a href=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/sustainability\/watershed-protection\/\"> Aquatic Resource Restoration Center (ARRC)<\/a> to operate the educational hatchery in the historic building and learning space.<\/p>\n<p>Totaling <strong>more than 700 species across the world<\/strong>, freshwater mussels can improve water quality and serve as indicators of aquatic health.<\/p>\n<p>In the past, more than a dozen species lived in local waterways. However, <strong>only a few are found today around New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware<\/strong> \u2013 and populations continue to decline throughout nearby watersheds.<\/p>\n<p>So, we\u2019re working to <strong>mend this reduction at the hatchery<\/strong> where we essentially raise these tiny aquatic animals before releasing them into waterways in and around Philadelphia<\/p>\n<p>Since 2020, <strong>more than 25,000 mussels have been propagated at the hatchery<\/strong>, including five native freshwater mussel species. On a daily basis, just one adult mussel can filter between 10 to 15 gallons of water per day.<\/p>\n<div class=\"caption embed video\"><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/229716884?h=ff7549a422&amp;title=0&amp;portrait=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2>New Approaches to Propagation<\/h2>\n<p>One crucial research area includes propagation techniques to <strong>increase mussel reproduction<\/strong>. Diet, water types, fish care, and culture systems have all contributed to the successful breeding of these <strong>bivalve mollusks<\/strong> (meaning they have two hard shells to protect their soft bodies).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13355\" class=\"caption half left alignleft\" style=\"margin-top: .75em;\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13355 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/yellow-lampmussel-displaying-lure-5-4-2023-l-butler.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>A Yellow Lampmussel female who is actively displaying her lure. The lure is used to attract an unknowing host fish so she can broadcast her larvae (glochidia) onto the fish and ultimately attach to its gills.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Many mussel species in the wild use a specific fish as a host during their reproduction cycle, which can be hard to replicate in a hatchery setting. Our successful propagation of two native mussels has been possible thanks to <strong><em>in\u00a0vitro<\/em> techniques<\/strong>, a procedure that skips this fish-host process.<\/p>\n<p>Across the lower Delaware River Basin, juvenile mussel culturing has been implemented in natural and man-made aquatic habitats. These mussel \u201cgrow-out\u201d areas include <strong class=\"ib\">Green Lane Reservoir<\/strong> in Montgomery County, <strong class=\"ib\">Strawberry Mansion Reservoir<\/strong> in Fairmount\u00a0Park, <strong class=\"ib\">Van Sciver Lake<\/strong> in Bucks County, and <strong class=\"ib\">Longwood Gardens<\/strong>, in Chester\u00a0County.<\/p>\n<h2>Some Impressive Statistics<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>8,400 Eastern Elliptio<\/strong> (<em>Elliptio complanata<\/em>) have been produced in the FWWIC hatchery in\u00a02023<\/li>\n<li>Approximately <strong>3,000 to 4,000 Eastern Pondmussels<\/strong> (<em>Sagittunio nasutus<\/em>) are planned to mature by early\u00a0July<\/li>\n<li>An additional <strong>6,000 to 8,000 Yellow Lampmussel<\/strong> (<em>Lampsilis cariosa<\/em>) coming in July and\u00a0August<\/li>\n<li>In short, we could hit approximately <strong>15,000 mussels from 3 species this\u00a0year!<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cThere exist many bottlenecks in successfully cultivating freshwater mussels,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">says Lance Butler, a senior scientist with PWD\u2019s Office of Watersheds.<\/cite> \u201cThe unique parasitic relationship between mussel larvae and host fish is perhaps the most obvious. Trying to find the most appropriate host and the optimum host fish size have been a cornerstone of our research at the Fairmount Waterworks Interpretive Center and I\u2019m pleased to announce that we\u2019ve cracked this enigma with three of the functional dominant species in the tidal Delaware River. In addition to host-fish relationships, we\u2019re also investigating different culturing technologies to improve upon efficiencies and propagation success.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"caption center\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13718\" src=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/mussel-hatchery.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>Mussel Hatchery at the Fairmount Water Works. <em>(Photo source: Fairmount Water Works Interpretive Center)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Helping Hands<\/h2>\n<p>This hatchery reprise is engaging local youth.<\/p>\n<p><strong>More than 600 students<\/strong> from <strong>six Philadelphia regional schools<\/strong> have actively participated in the \u201c<strong>Mussels In The Field<\/strong>\u201d program. The curriculum includes education about freshwater mussels and related field monitoring techniques and data.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cThese students are the eyes and ears of the future \u2013 what I\u2019m doing on a smaller scale,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">says Butler.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"callout half right accentblue-bg\">\n<h5>Check out the Mussel\u00a0Hatchery radio segment on\u00a0WURD!<\/h5>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2226-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/media\/vk-on-wurd-radio-april-21-2023-1.m4a?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/media\/vk-on-wurd-radio-april-21-2023-1.m4a\">https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/media\/vk-on-wurd-radio-april-21-2023-1.m4a<\/a><\/audio>\n<\/div>\n<p>In October 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/lankenau.philasd.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lankenau High School<\/a>, a public environmental science magnet institution, piloted the successful \u201c<strong>Mussels in the Classroom<\/strong>\u201d program, <strong>teaching about 150 students<\/strong> how to create a recirculating aquaculture system and learn about culturing, ecology, and life histories of native freshwater mussels.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cIt\u2019s important that we take care of our environment,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">says Alex Morris, a junior at Lankenau.<\/cite> \u201cI care about the safety and the health of people here. If someone has to change, it has to be the people of the future.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI wanted to be part of this project to provide care for the environment,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">adds Javon Miller, a freshman.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>After the mussels have fully grown, students released them into the Schuylkill River.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cWe\u2019ve encountered so many unexpected things, and the students have to troubleshoot that,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">Matthew VanKouwenberg, a teacher at Lankenau told the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inquirer.com\/news\/mussels-water-philadelphia-school-district-lankenau-high-20230402.html\">Philadelphia Inquirer<\/a>.<\/cite> \u201cGiving them an experience that is real-world, not a put-together lab out of a box, it\u2019s not quite as neat and orderly, but they\u2019ve learned so many problem-solving skills. They\u2019re not always going to get an answer out of a book, and it\u2019s amazing for them to learn that.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In June, Lankenau received a nearly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dep.pa.gov\/Citizens\/EnvironmentalEducation\/Grants\/Pages\/2023-Environmental-Education-Grant-Awards.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$5,000 grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Environment Protection<\/a> to continue the freshwater mussel project.<\/p>\n<h2>City Council Recognition<\/h2>\n<p>In April, <strong>City Council members Isaiah Thomas<\/strong> and <strong>Curtis Jones<\/strong> honored the students of Lankenau as \u201cChampions of the Week\u201d for their extensive work with the mussels.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cWe have a bunch of scientists that [are] here from Lankenau who have [begun] their journey early to try to explore some of the biggest problems that we have &#8211; not just as a City but\u2026 actually, throughout the entire world based on what they\u2019ve been able to do to help clean water,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">says Councilperson Thomas.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"caption center\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13353 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/images\/city-council-mussels.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/>Students of Lankenau Environmental Science Magnet High School, alongside PWD and Fairmount Water Works staff, were honored by City Council for their work with the Freshwater Mussel Hatchery.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cIt feels great to be here (being honored by City Council at City Hall). I never experienced anything like this, so it\u2019s opening brand new experiences for me,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">says Khamani Davies, a senior.<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"caption embed video\"><iframe style=\"width: 100%; height: 100%;\" title=\"Lankenau High School Students honored by City Council for Mussel Haterchy Work\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/845359872?badge=0&amp;autopause=0&amp;player_id=0&amp;app_id=58479\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><em>Video courtesy of Philadelphia City Council<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Looking Ahead<\/h2>\n<p>Planning, design, and permitting phases are underway for a <strong>future mussel production hatchery<\/strong> at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bartramsgarden.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bartram\u2019s Garden<\/a> in Southwest Philadelphia.<\/p>\n<p>The new location sits on \u201c<strong>the Circuit<\/strong>,\u201d which connects the Fairmount Water Works to Bartram\u2019s Garden along the Schuylkill Trail. This hatchery will provide <strong>more than 500,000 mussels every year<\/strong> to the Delaware and Susquehanna River Basins.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"semibold\"><p>\u201cWe\u2019ve had such great success with the teachers and students at Lankenau, that we\u2019ve built another scaled version of a recirculating aquaculture system in hopes of another interested Philadelphia school participating in this exciting program,\u201d <cite class=\"inline\">Butler says.<\/cite> \u201cWe believe we\u2019ve found that team at Abraham Lincoln High School.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Butler hopes to have a new mussel program running at Lincoln by next year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fairmountwaterworks.org\/visit\/freshwater-mussel-hatchery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn more about mussels and the <span class=\"ib\">Freshwater Mussel Hatchery<\/span> at the <span class=\"ib\">Fairmount Water Works<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We\u2019re commissioning some unlikely creatures to help keep our waterways clean &#8211; mussels. After being closed for more than two years following flood damage from Hurricane Ida, the Freshwater Mussel Hatchery at the Fairmount Water Works Interpretive Center is having a busy spring and summer. This season will mark the third full year PWD is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":13718,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"custom_css":"","custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,6],"tags":[15,29,34,36,56,70,84,88,93],"class_list":["post-2226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-community","category-nature","tag-city-council","tag-delaware-watershed","tag-environmental-stewardship","tag-fairmount-water-works","tag-local-ecology","tag-philadelphia-schools","tag-schuylkill-watershed","tag-sourcewater-watershed-protection","tag-stem","wpautop"],"acf":{"suggested":null},"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","canonical_url":"https:\/\/phila.gov\/blog\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\/","smart_links":{"inbound":0,"outbound":0},"traffic_boost_suggestions_count":0,"meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Mussel Hatchery Returns to Fairmount Water Works","url":"http:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":""},"articleSection":"Community","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grace Maiorano"}],"creator":["Grace Maiorano"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"@PhillyH2O Blog","logo":""},"keywords":["city council","delaware watershed","environmental stewardship","fairmount water works","local ecology","philadelphia schools","schuylkill watershed","sourcewater\/watershed protection","stem"],"dateCreated":"2023-07-17T17:28:17Z","datePublished":"2023-07-17T17:28:17Z","dateModified":"2023-07-19T19:39:14Z"},"rendered":"<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"wp-parsely-metadata\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"headline\":\"Mussel Hatchery Returns to Fairmount Water Works\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/water.phila.gov\\\/blog\\\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\\\/\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/water.phila.gov\\\/blog\\\/mussel-hatchery-returns-to-fairmount-water-works\\\/\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"\"},\"articleSection\":\"Community\",\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"Grace Maiorano\"}],\"creator\":[\"Grace Maiorano\"],\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"@PhillyH2O Blog\",\"logo\":\"\"},\"keywords\":[\"city council\",\"delaware watershed\",\"environmental stewardship\",\"fairmount water works\",\"local ecology\",\"philadelphia schools\",\"schuylkill watershed\",\"sourcewater\\\/watershed protection\",\"stem\"],\"dateCreated\":\"2023-07-17T17:28:17Z\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-17T17:28:17Z\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-19T19:39:14Z\"}<\/script>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/phila.gov\/p.js"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2226"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2226\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/water.phila.gov\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}